File Permissions and Ownerships

Permissions



Octal 


Binary


Permission


Meaning





0 


000


none


All turned off





1 


001


--x


Execute





2


010


-w-


Write





3


011


-wx


Write, execute





4


100


r--


Read





5


101


r-x


Read, execute





6


110


rw-


Read, write





7


111


rwx


Read, write, execute 



File Ownerships: USER, GROUP 
Changing permissions
Permissions are applied for USER, GROUP and OTHERS (rwx rwx rwx)

chmod 660 testf.txt
ls -l  testf.txt

-rw-rw----    1 mike   staff          0 Jan 18 10:26 testf.txt


umask sets default permission for files and directories.
For example, 

umask 022




777 (directory)


666 (file)





-022 (umask)


-022 (umask)





755 (permission)


644 (permission)







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