Popular Unix SMTP servers
Sendmail
(http://www.sendmail.org)
The most widely used. Installable on any Linux distribution as a binary or
can compiled from the source. Monolytic implementation. Many applications imply Sendmail availability. Complex configuration file format. Mailbox format to store e-mail.
Exim
(http://www.exim.org)
Almost the same capabilities as in Sendmail. Simpler configuration than in Sendmail. Monolitic implementation.
Postfix
(http://www.postfix.org)
Simple configuration file format. Easy to setup. Modular implementation.
Enchanced security, filtering and performace features.
Qmail
(http://www.qmail.org)
Relatively simple configuration file. Modular design. Maildir format to store
e-mail.
How e-mail is stored (Mail file formats)
Inbox (or mbox): e-mail is appended to file /var/mail/$USER
(default: Sendmail, Exim, Postfix) Advantage: one file per user.
Disadvantage: locking when accessed by several processes at the same time, therefore, it should not be shared over NFS.
Maildir: a new e-mail is placed in a new file in directory $HOME/Maildir
(default: Qmail; can be set for Exim and Postfix)
Advantages: much rare locking; can be shared over NFS; simply delete e-mail by
deleting files. Disadvantage: too many files on busy multi-user systems --
may run out of inodes.