Layered Manufacturing
One field of Advanced Manufacturing is Layered Manufacturing, in which parts are built through layered deposition of semi-liquid material. Layered Manufacturing can build parts of virtually any shape without involving any cutting or assembly; something traditional manufacturing cannot do.

The Process of building the part by Layered Manufacturing can be divided into following stages:

1. Modeling - A three-dimensional model of the part is designed using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Software, such as I-DEAS, Autocad,ProEngineer, or other similar programs.
2. Slice Generation - The CAD model of the part is represented as a set of layers by "slicing" it with the set of equally-spaced horizontal planes. The distance between planes is called "layer thickness".
3. Toolpath Generation - Each two-dimensional layer is "filled" by the set of lines called "toolpath". Stages 2 and 3 are performed using specialized software, such as QuickSlice.
4. Deposition - The toolpath is loaded into the Layered Manufacturing machine, and the part is built by depositing the material along the toolpath. Usually, the material is a ceramic or wax "filament", which is pushed through the liquefier by the rollers. Material melts inside the liquefier and comes out as a viscous "paste" with a certain flow rate. Each layer is built by moving the liquefier along the toolpath while depositing the material into the horizontal "table". When the layer is finished, the "table" shifts down, and the next layer is started.
5. Post-processing - Depending on the material or the part, some processing may be performed after the part is built. For example, a ceramic part may be sintered and polished.

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